Triplanes

Molniya Triplane Aircraft

At present NPO MOLNIYA is working not only in the space field but also on aircraft engineering. A series of civil aircraft with carrying capacity from 500 kgs up to 5 tons are being designed here. To appear on the world market of such engineering, where extremely rigid competition exists, is possible only with the products appreciably distinguished from the similar ones by their characte-ristics. Considering this NPO MOLNIYA has chosen a "triplane" aerodynamic scheme stipulating in comparison with traditional schemes the essential increase of flying safety and fuel economy of its aircraft.

The triplanes have advantages of canard and classical schemes, but are free from their faults. The use of all three planes carrying properties reduces loads on the construction providing significant (up to 20%) reduction of the aircraft weight and dimensions and therefore the reduction of fuel consumption and the whole vehicle cost. Besides the triplanes have the following advantages:

the increased level of flying safety because at a high angle of attack a flow separation occurs on the foreplane prior to that on the main wing, that practically excludes the stall into a spin
the simplicity and easiness of the aircraft pilotage because of small loads on controls
the high lift-drag ratio in cruise flying mode and the improvement of take-of-landing performance stipulated by the reduction of aerodynamic balancing losses

Molniya Triplane Aircraft family

	Molniya-1
	Molniya-100
	Molniya-300
	Molniya-400
	Molniya-1000
	Heracles Triplane and Aerospace Systems

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More detailed information may be found in selected chapters from Aerospace Systems: Book of Technical Papers under edition of G.E.Lozino-Lozinsky and A.G.Bratukhin. - Moscow: Publishing House of Moscow Aviation Institute, 1997. - 416 pp., ill.:
- "The Tri-plane Aircraft as the Means of the MAKS Efficiency Improvement" by Dr. Lozino-Lozinsky G.E.

See also

The complete English version of the book, including 437 pages of text and all illustrations, is included in the DVD-ROM version of the Encyclopedia.

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